Effects of Motivation on Teaching Standards of Higher Secondary Level English Teachers of Public and Private Sectors: A Comparative Study in Sialkot, Pakistan

Abstract

This study investigates how motivation affects the teaching standards of higher secondary English teachers in the public and private sectors of District Sialkot, Pakistan. The study employs a mixed-method descriptive research design, rooted in Frederick Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory (1959), to thoroughly examine the motivation and demotivation factors that impact teachers' performance. We gathered quantitative data through questionnaires to gain broad statistical insights and obtained qualitative data from focus group interviews to gain in-depth perspectives. The population consisted of English teachers from eight higher secondary schools, divided equally between the public and private sectors. We selected 30 teachers with at least 3 years of experience using purposive sampling. The research instruments included a self-developed Likert scale questionnaire and structured interview protocols. The theoretical framework is based on Frederick Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory, which distinguishes betweenintrinsic motivators, such as achievement and recognition, and extrinsic hygiene factors, such as salary and working conditions. The researcher used statistical methods to analyse the quantitative data and subjected the qualitative data to thematic analysis. These insights are valuable for educational policymakers and administrators looking to improve teacher motivation and overall educational quality in District Sialkot