Mitigating Smog, anew Challenge to Pakistanand the Applications of Bio-receptive Materials,Moss Concrete an Architect’s Perspective

Abstract

Pakistan, a country with a rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, now faces a stark environmental challenge. Major cities like Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad are often shrouded in smog. Every winter in Pakistan, the urban areas face the worse smog thatcomes with a greater intensity having serious impacts on the physical health and psychological issues among all age groups. The health of the ecosystems is also worsening, asking for the integration of more green spaces in our urban built fabric. This introduction delves into the multifaceted problem of air pollution in Pakistan, setting the stage for a detailed exploration of its causes, impacts, and potential solutions. This research paper aims to highlight the use and application of new construction materials with case studies, to help combat and eradicate the smog issues to build healthy and eco-friendly environments for next generations to come. One solution stands out as bio-receptive concrete called Moss Concrete. The incorporation of moss withconcrete will make it, a natural, eco-friendly bio-receptive construction material to create self-sustaining, living walls and having a potential of purifying the air by absorbing additional Co₂ emissionspresent in the atmosphere without requiring any additional systems or maintenance