Confidence in the Era of Distraction: The Influence of Media Multitasking on Self-Perception and Self-Efficacy among University Students

Abstract

The current research analyzed the inter-relations among digital multitasking, self-perception, self-efficacy, and gender influence over these variables, among university students. Digital multitasking is the concurrent use of more than one digital media platform. Self-perception encompasses a person's understanding and judgment of his/her own characteristics, skills, and behavior, whereas, Self-efficacy is the perception of capability in executing and dealing with tasks or challenges successfully. A total of 106 undergraduate students filled out the Media Multitasking Frequency-Revised (MMT-R) scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (adapted as a self-perception measure), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE). Moderate media multitasking and self-efficacy, and low self-perception were found. Digital multitasking predicted self-perception with a significant effect explaining 5% of the variance. Males showed higher self-perception compared to females, no gender differences in multitasking or self-efficacy were found. Implications for teaching strategies and psychological well-being are explored, as well as limitations in terms of sample, measurement, and study design.